Authors
1
Department of aBiochemistry, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
2
Department of Genetics and Cytology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre,, Cairo, Egypt
3
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
4
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Industries and Nutrition Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
Background
One of the top ten causes of mortality all over the world is diabetes mellitus. Egypt in
particular, has one of the highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the world
Objective
The purpose of this work is to produce sophorolipids (SLs) economically through
microbial conversion of agro-industrial wastes namely Moringa oleifera (MO) and
Lepidium sativum (LS) oil cakes using locally isolated Saccharomyces cerevisiae
and Yarrowia lipolytica, respectively. Finally, the produced SLs will be investigated
for their potential use as antihyperglycemic drugs in diabetic rats.
Patients and methods
The SLs were structurally characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,
hydrogen-1 proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and LC-MS/MS. Then the
hypoglycemic impact of the produced SLs was evaluated through an experiment
on 30 male Wistar albino rats grouped into four diabetic groups induced by a single
intraperitoneal dose of streptozotocin; a control positive group, a diabetic
group + reference drug (metformin), a diabetic group + MO-SLs and a diabetic
group + LS-SLs and the experiment lasted for 4 weeks.
Results and conclusion
The yield of MO-SLs was 18.6 g/100 g substrate. While LS-SLs had a higher yield
(43.6 g/100 g substrate).TheMO-SLs declined surface tensionofwater to38mN/mat
60 mg/Lcriticalmicelleconcentrationhowever,LS-SLslevelswere46mN/mat50 mg/
L. The chemical characterization of MO-SLs indicated the presence of lactonic and
acidic formsofSLs and theLS-SLs confirmed the presence of lactonic formonly.Data
obtainedfor thehypoglycemic effect revealedthat bothextractshaveapositiveimpact
on the studied biochemical parameters with the best results recorded for body weight
change, fasting blood glucose, alanine transaminase, insulin, and glucagon-like
peptide-1 for the diabetic group receiving LS-SLs followed by the reference drug,
then the MO-SLs group. The results of biochemical markers were confirmed by the
histopathological examinations showing the efficiency of the produced LS-SLs in
decreasing the fasting blood glucose level.
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