Hunting for renal protective phytoconstituents in  L. and  L. (Asteraceae)

Abd-Alla, Howaida I.; Aly, Hanan F.; Shalaby, Nagwa M. M.; Albalawy, Marzougah A.; Aboutabl, Elsayed A.

doi:10.4103/1687-4315.135597

Hunting for renal protective phytoconstituents in L. and L. (Asteraceae)

Authors

Abstract

Aim
This study aimed to evaluate the potential renal protective activity of L. and L., belonging to family Asteraceae, collected in Mountains of Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The ameliorative role of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and methanol successive extracts thereof on renal hyperlipidemic and hyperglycemic rats was studied. Active compounds isolated from the bioactive ethyl acetate extract of were characterized and identified.
Material and methods
Hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia were induced in rats. Evaluation of renal protection was carried out through determination of kidney biochemical markers and histopathological examination. Kidney disorder biomarkers (creatinine and total urea) as well as kidney marker enzyme (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) activity were evaluated. Oxidant-antioxidant status in kidney was assessed by determination of glutathione, lipid peroxide, and nitric oxide. The free radical scavenging activity was performed using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. The extract exhibiting the most significant bioactivity was investigated for its phytoconstituents.
Results and conclusion
Treatment with . successive extracts, in particular ethyl acetate, effectively ameliorated diabetic renal dysfunction more than those of . . The results revealed improvement in all the investigated parameters, which was confirmed by kidney histopathological analysis. Phytochemicals in the most promising extract (ethyl acetate extract of aerial parts of . ) were isolated and characterized through their physical, chemical, chromatographic, and spectral analyses (UV, MS, H NMR, and C NMR). One sesquiterpene lactone, vulgarin (); three triterpenes, taraxerol acetate (), β-amyrin (), and lupeol (); a phytosterol, β-sitosterol (); and four flavonoids, lutoelin-3’-methyl ether () and its glycoside, luteolin 3’-methyl ether-7-glucoside (), luteolin-6,7,4’-trimethyl ether (), and artemetin (), were identified. All compounds are reported for the first time in the investigated plant except ,, and . The bioactivity may be attributed to the terpenoidal and flavonoidal compounds.

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