Spectrophotometric microdetermination of tranexamic acid in pharmaceutical formulation

Background and objectives
Tranexamic acid is used to treat various conditions in which there is bleeding or risk of bleeding, such as prostatectomy, dental extraction, menorrhagia, and thrombolytic overdose. Most of the currently available analytical techniques for Tranexamic acid measurement use high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation or the spectrophotometric method of detection. The aim of the present study was to describe the determination of Tranexamic acid as an active pharmaceutical ingredient in tablets using three accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric methods: the ion–air complex method (method A), the bromination complex method (method B), and the charge transfer complex method (method C).
Materials and methods
The first method (A) is based on the formation of an ion–pair complex between the basic nitrogen of Tranexamic acid and alizarin red S as an anionic acid dye. The absorbance of the formed complex was measured at λ equal to 300 nm. The second method (B) is based on the oxidation of Tramexamic acid by N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and determination of the nonreacted NBS by measurement of the decrease in absorbance of liberated iodine at λ equal to 520 nm. The third method (C) is based on forming a charge transfer complex with chloranil in absolute ethanol at alkaline pH. The absorbance of the formed charge transfer complex was measured at λ equal to 330 nm. Linear calibration curves were obtained in the ranges of 2.00–26.00, 2.00–25.00, and 2.00–27.00 μg/ml. The methods showed relative standard deviations of 0.839, 0.952, and 0.984 for methods A, B and C, respectively.
Results and conclusion
The results showed the suitability, safety, accuracy, and simplicity of these methods for determination of Tranexamic acid as an active pharmaceutical ingredient. The results obtained by the three methods, A, B, and C, is in good agreement with those obtained by the official method. The developed methods were successfully applied to the determination of Tranexamic acid in pharmaceutical preparation (tablets).