Cancer micro-environment immune modulation by Egyptian cobra () crud venom

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Abstract

Background
Cancer can control immune system suppression mechanisms by activating regulatory T cells; myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and increasing the expression of co-inhibitor proteins. Snake venoms showed anticancer activity by targeting specific molecular pathways.
Objective
Here, we investigate the immunomodulatory effects of Egyptian cobra () venom different doses compared with cisplatin in healthy and cancer murine models.
Materials and methods
Female Balb/c mice aged 2–3 months, are separated into three general groups (control groups, solid (subcutaneous) tumors, and soft (ehrlich ascites) tumors. Mice were inoculated with ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells about 2×10 and 1.5×10 cells subcutaneously and intraperitoneal for 28 and 10 days, respectively.
Results
MDSCs decreased nonsignificantly in control groups treated with cisplatin, 1/10, 1/30 LD50 also, in ascites tumor group treated with 1/30 LD50 (=0.055). While it increased non-significantly in healthy control treated with 1/20 LD50, all treated solid tumor groups and in ascites tumor groups treated with cisplatin and 1/20 LD50, on the other hand, Regulatory T cells in control groups decreased significantly in groups treated with cisplatin and 1/30 LD50 on the other hand it increased nonsignificantly in groups treated with 1/20 and 1/10 LD50. In solid tumor groups, T regs increased with no statistical significance in all treated solid tumor groups also, in ascites tumor groups treated with 1/20 LD50 and cisplatin.
Conclusion
Low doses of () crud venom reduce MDSCs and T reg in the microenvironment of tumor while higher doses increase them, further investigation will be needed.

Keywords

Egyptian Pharmaceutical Journal
Volume 22, Issue 2
April 2023
Pages 237-250

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